jdk/src/hotspot/cpu/aarch64/methodHandles_aarch64.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2014, Red Hat Inc. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
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#include "asm/macroAssembler.hpp"
#include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
#include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
#include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
#include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
#include "interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp"
#include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
#include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
#include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
#include "runtime/flags/flagSetting.hpp"
#include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
#include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"

#define __ Disassembler::hook<MacroAssembler>(__FILE__, __LINE__, _masm)->

#ifdef PRODUCT
#define BLOCK_COMMENT(str) /* nothing */
#else
#define BLOCK_COMMENT(str) __ block_comment(str)
#endif

#define BIND(label) bind(label); BLOCK_COMMENT(#label ":")

void MethodHandles::load_klass_from_Class(MacroAssembler* _masm, Register klass_reg) {
  if (VerifyMethodHandles)
    verify_klass(_masm, klass_reg, VM_CLASS_ID(java_lang_Class),
                 "MH argument is a Class");
  __ ldr(klass_reg, Address(klass_reg, java_lang_Class::klass_offset()));
}

#ifdef ASSERT
static int check_nonzero(const char* xname, int x) {
  assert(x != 0, "%s should be nonzero", xname);
  return x;
}
#define NONZERO(x) check_nonzero(#x, x)
#else //ASSERT
#define NONZERO(x) (x)
#endif //PRODUCT

#ifdef ASSERT
void MethodHandles::verify_klass(MacroAssembler* _masm,
                                 Register obj, vmClassID klass_id,
                                 const char* error_message) {
  InstanceKlass** klass_addr = vmClasses::klass_addr_at(klass_id);
  Klass* klass = vmClasses::klass_at(klass_id);
  Register temp = rscratch2;
  Register temp2 = rscratch1; // used by MacroAssembler::cmpptr
  Label L_ok, L_bad;
  BLOCK_COMMENT("verify_klass {");
  __ verify_oop(obj);
  __ cbz(obj, L_bad);
  __ push(RegSet::of(temp, temp2), sp);
  __ load_klass(temp, obj);
  __ cmpptr(temp, ExternalAddress((address) klass_addr));
  __ br(Assembler::EQ, L_ok);
  intptr_t super_check_offset = klass->super_check_offset();
  __ ldr(temp, Address(temp, super_check_offset));
  __ cmpptr(temp, ExternalAddress((address) klass_addr));
  __ br(Assembler::EQ, L_ok);
  __ pop(RegSet::of(temp, temp2), sp);
  __ bind(L_bad);
  __ stop(error_message);
  __ BIND(L_ok);
  __ pop(RegSet::of(temp, temp2), sp);
  BLOCK_COMMENT("} verify_klass");
}

void MethodHandles::verify_ref_kind(MacroAssembler* _masm, int ref_kind, Register member_reg, Register temp) {  }

#endif //ASSERT

void MethodHandles::jump_from_method_handle(MacroAssembler* _masm, Register method, Register temp,
                                            bool for_compiler_entry) {
  assert(method == rmethod, "interpreter calling convention");
  Label L_no_such_method;
  __ cbz(rmethod, L_no_such_method);
  __ verify_method_ptr(method);

  if (!for_compiler_entry && JvmtiExport::can_post_interpreter_events()) {
    Label run_compiled_code;
    // JVMTI events, such as single-stepping, are implemented partly by avoiding running
    // compiled code in threads for which the event is enabled.  Check here for
    // interp_only_mode if these events CAN be enabled.

    __ ldrw(rscratch1, Address(rthread, JavaThread::interp_only_mode_offset()));
    __ cbzw(rscratch1, run_compiled_code);
    __ ldr(rscratch1, Address(method, Method::interpreter_entry_offset()));
    __ br(rscratch1);
    __ BIND(run_compiled_code);
  }

  const ByteSize entry_offset = for_compiler_entry ? Method::from_compiled_offset() :
                                                     Method::from_interpreted_offset();
  __ ldr(rscratch1,Address(method, entry_offset));
  __ br(rscratch1);
  __ bind(L_no_such_method);
  __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::throw_AbstractMethodError_entry()));
}

void MethodHandles::jump_to_lambda_form(MacroAssembler* _masm,
                                        Register recv, Register method_temp,
                                        Register temp2,
                                        bool for_compiler_entry) {
  BLOCK_COMMENT("jump_to_lambda_form {");
  // This is the initial entry point of a lazy method handle.
  // After type checking, it picks up the invoker from the LambdaForm.
  assert_different_registers(recv, method_temp, temp2);
  assert(recv != noreg, "required register");
  assert(method_temp == rmethod, "required register for loading method");

  // Load the invoker, as MH -> MH.form -> LF.vmentry
  __ verify_oop(recv);
  __ load_heap_oop(method_temp, Address(recv, NONZERO(java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle::form_offset())), temp2, rscratch2);
  __ verify_oop(method_temp);
  __ load_heap_oop(method_temp, Address(method_temp, NONZERO(java_lang_invoke_LambdaForm::vmentry_offset())), temp2, rscratch2);
  __ verify_oop(method_temp);
  __ load_heap_oop(method_temp, Address(method_temp, NONZERO(java_lang_invoke_MemberName::method_offset())), temp2, rscratch2);
  __ verify_oop(method_temp);
  __ access_load_at(T_ADDRESS, IN_HEAP, method_temp, Address(method_temp, NONZERO(java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::vmtarget_offset())), noreg, noreg);

  if (VerifyMethodHandles && !for_compiler_entry) {
    // make sure recv is already on stack
    __ ldr(temp2, Address(method_temp, Method::const_offset()));
    __ load_sized_value(temp2,
                        Address(temp2, ConstMethod::size_of_parameters_offset()),
                        sizeof(u2), /*is_signed*/ false);
    // assert(sizeof(u2) == sizeof(Method::_size_of_parameters), "");
    Label L;
    __ ldr(rscratch1, __ argument_address(temp2, -1));
    __ cmpoop(recv, rscratch1);
    __ br(Assembler::EQ, L);
    __ ldr(r0, __ argument_address(temp2, -1));
    __ hlt(0);
    __ BIND(L);
  }

  jump_from_method_handle(_masm, method_temp, temp2, for_compiler_entry);
  BLOCK_COMMENT("} jump_to_lambda_form");
}

// Code generation
address MethodHandles::generate_method_handle_interpreter_entry(MacroAssembler* _masm,
                                                                vmIntrinsics::ID iid) {
  const bool not_for_compiler_entry = false;  // this is the interpreter entry
  assert(is_signature_polymorphic(iid), "expected invoke iid");
  if (iid == vmIntrinsics::_invokeGeneric ||
      iid == vmIntrinsics::_compiledLambdaForm) {
    // Perhaps surprisingly, the symbolic references visible to Java are not directly used.
    // They are linked to Java-generated adapters via MethodHandleNatives.linkMethod.
    // They all allow an appendix argument.
    __ hlt(0);           // empty stubs make SG sick
    return nullptr;
  }

  // No need in interpreter entry for linkToNative for now.
  // Interpreter calls compiled entry through i2c.
  if (iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToNative) {
    __ hlt(0);
    return nullptr;
  }

  // r19_sender_sp: sender SP (must preserve; see prepare_to_jump_from_interpreted)
  // rmethod: Method*
  // r3: argument locator (parameter slot count, added to rsp)
  // r1: used as temp to hold mh or receiver
  // r0, r11: garbage temps, blown away
  Register argp   = r3;   // argument list ptr, live on error paths
  Register temp   = r0;
  Register mh     = r1;   // MH receiver; dies quickly and is recycled

  // here's where control starts out:
  __ align(CodeEntryAlignment);
  address entry_point = __ pc();

  if (VerifyMethodHandles) {
    assert(Method::intrinsic_id_size_in_bytes() == 2, "assuming Method::_intrinsic_id is u2");

    Label L;
    BLOCK_COMMENT("verify_intrinsic_id {");
    __ ldrh(rscratch1, Address(rmethod, Method::intrinsic_id_offset()));
    __ subs(zr, rscratch1, (int) iid);
    __ br(Assembler::EQ, L);
    if (iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToVirtual ||
        iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToSpecial) {
      // could do this for all kinds, but would explode assembly code size
      trace_method_handle(_masm, "bad Method*::intrinsic_id");
    }
    __ hlt(0);
    __ bind(L);
    BLOCK_COMMENT("} verify_intrinsic_id");
  }

  // First task:  Find out how big the argument list is.
  Address r3_first_arg_addr;
  int ref_kind = signature_polymorphic_intrinsic_ref_kind(iid);
  assert(ref_kind != 0 || iid == vmIntrinsics::_invokeBasic, "must be _invokeBasic or a linkTo intrinsic");
  if (ref_kind == 0 || MethodHandles::ref_kind_has_receiver(ref_kind)) {
    __ ldr(argp, Address(rmethod, Method::const_offset()));
    __ load_sized_value(argp,
                        Address(argp, ConstMethod::size_of_parameters_offset()),
                        sizeof(u2), /*is_signed*/ false);
    // assert(sizeof(u2) == sizeof(Method::_size_of_parameters), "");
    r3_first_arg_addr = __ argument_address(argp, -1);
  } else {
    DEBUG_ONLY(argp = noreg);
  }

  if (!is_signature_polymorphic_static(iid)) {
    __ ldr(mh, r3_first_arg_addr);
    DEBUG_ONLY(argp = noreg);
  }

  // r3_first_arg_addr is live!

  trace_method_handle_interpreter_entry(_masm, iid);
  if (iid == vmIntrinsics::_invokeBasic) {
    generate_method_handle_dispatch(_masm, iid, mh, noreg, not_for_compiler_entry);

  } else {
    // Adjust argument list by popping the trailing MemberName argument.
    Register recv = noreg;
    if (MethodHandles::ref_kind_has_receiver(ref_kind)) {
      // Load the receiver (not the MH; the actual MemberName's receiver) up from the interpreter stack.
      __ ldr(recv = r2, r3_first_arg_addr);
    }
    DEBUG_ONLY(argp = noreg);
    Register rmember = rmethod;  // MemberName ptr; incoming method ptr is dead now
    __ pop(rmember);             // extract last argument
    generate_method_handle_dispatch(_masm, iid, recv, rmember, not_for_compiler_entry);
  }

  return entry_point;
}

void MethodHandles::jump_to_native_invoker(MacroAssembler* _masm, Register nep_reg, Register temp_target) {
  BLOCK_COMMENT("jump_to_native_invoker {");
  assert_different_registers(nep_reg, temp_target);
  assert(nep_reg != noreg, "required register");

  // Load the invoker, as NEP -> .invoker
  __ verify_oop(nep_reg);
  __ access_load_at(T_ADDRESS, IN_HEAP, temp_target,
                    Address(nep_reg, NONZERO(jdk_internal_foreign_abi_NativeEntryPoint::downcall_stub_address_offset_in_bytes())),
                    noreg, noreg);

  __ br(temp_target);
  BLOCK_COMMENT("} jump_to_native_invoker");
}


void MethodHandles::generate_method_handle_dispatch(MacroAssembler* _masm,
                                                    vmIntrinsics::ID iid,
                                                    Register receiver_reg,
                                                    Register member_reg,
                                                    bool for_compiler_entry) {
  assert(is_signature_polymorphic(iid), "expected invoke iid");
  // temps used in this code are not used in *either* compiled or interpreted calling sequences
  Register temp1 = r10;
  Register temp2 = r11;
  Register temp3 = r14;
  if (for_compiler_entry) {
    assert(receiver_reg == (iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToStatic || iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToNative ? noreg : j_rarg0), "only valid assignment");
    assert_different_registers(temp1,        j_rarg0, j_rarg1, j_rarg2, j_rarg3, j_rarg4, j_rarg5, j_rarg6, j_rarg7);
    assert_different_registers(temp2,        j_rarg0, j_rarg1, j_rarg2, j_rarg3, j_rarg4, j_rarg5, j_rarg6, j_rarg7);
    assert_different_registers(temp3,        j_rarg0, j_rarg1, j_rarg2, j_rarg3, j_rarg4, j_rarg5, j_rarg6, j_rarg7);
  }

  assert_different_registers(temp1, temp2, temp3, receiver_reg);
  assert_different_registers(temp1, temp2, temp3, member_reg);

  if (iid == vmIntrinsics::_invokeBasic) {
    // indirect through MH.form.vmentry.vmtarget
    jump_to_lambda_form(_masm, receiver_reg, rmethod, temp1, for_compiler_entry);

  } else if (iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToNative) {
    assert(for_compiler_entry, "only compiler entry is supported");
    jump_to_native_invoker(_masm, member_reg, temp1);
  } else {
    // The method is a member invoker used by direct method handles.
    if (VerifyMethodHandles) {
      // make sure the trailing argument really is a MemberName (caller responsibility)
      verify_klass(_masm, member_reg, VM_CLASS_ID(java_lang_invoke_MemberName),
                   "MemberName required for invokeVirtual etc.");
    }

    Address member_clazz(    member_reg, NONZERO(java_lang_invoke_MemberName::clazz_offset()));
    Address member_vmindex(  member_reg, NONZERO(java_lang_invoke_MemberName::vmindex_offset()));
    Address member_vmtarget( member_reg, NONZERO(java_lang_invoke_MemberName::method_offset()));
    Address vmtarget_method( rmethod, NONZERO(java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::vmtarget_offset()));

    Register temp1_recv_klass = temp1;
    if (iid != vmIntrinsics::_linkToStatic) {
      __ verify_oop(receiver_reg);
      if (iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToSpecial) {
        // Don't actually load the klass; just null-check the receiver.
        __ null_check(receiver_reg);
      } else {
        // load receiver klass itself
        __ load_klass(temp1_recv_klass, receiver_reg);
        __ verify_klass_ptr(temp1_recv_klass);
      }
      BLOCK_COMMENT("check_receiver {");
      // The receiver for the MemberName must be in receiver_reg.
      // Check the receiver against the MemberName.clazz
      if (VerifyMethodHandles && iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToSpecial) {
        // Did not load it above...
        __ load_klass(temp1_recv_klass, receiver_reg);
        __ verify_klass_ptr(temp1_recv_klass);
      }
      if (VerifyMethodHandles && iid != vmIntrinsics::_linkToInterface) {
        Label L_ok;
        Register temp2_defc = temp2;
        __ load_heap_oop(temp2_defc, member_clazz, temp3, rscratch2);
        load_klass_from_Class(_masm, temp2_defc);
        __ verify_klass_ptr(temp2_defc);
        __ check_klass_subtype(temp1_recv_klass, temp2_defc, temp3, L_ok);
        // If we get here, the type check failed!
        __ hlt(0);
        // __ STOP("receiver class disagrees with MemberName.clazz");
        __ bind(L_ok);
      }
      BLOCK_COMMENT("} check_receiver");
    }
    if (iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToSpecial ||
        iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToStatic) {
      DEBUG_ONLY(temp1_recv_klass = noreg);  // these guys didn't load the recv_klass
    }

    // Live registers at this point:
    //  member_reg - MemberName that was the trailing argument
    //  temp1_recv_klass - klass of stacked receiver, if needed
    //  r19 - interpreter linkage (if interpreted)
    //  r1 ... r0 - compiler arguments (if compiled)

    Label L_incompatible_class_change_error;
    switch (iid) {
    case vmIntrinsics::_linkToSpecial:
      if (VerifyMethodHandles) {
        verify_ref_kind(_masm, JVM_REF_invokeSpecial, member_reg, temp3);
      }
      __ load_heap_oop(rmethod, member_vmtarget, temp3, rscratch2);
      __ access_load_at(T_ADDRESS, IN_HEAP, rmethod, vmtarget_method, noreg, noreg);
      break;

    case vmIntrinsics::_linkToStatic:
      if (VerifyMethodHandles) {
        verify_ref_kind(_masm, JVM_REF_invokeStatic, member_reg, temp3);
      }
      __ load_heap_oop(rmethod, member_vmtarget, temp3, rscratch2);
      __ access_load_at(T_ADDRESS, IN_HEAP, rmethod, vmtarget_method, noreg, noreg);
      break;

    case vmIntrinsics::_linkToVirtual:
    {
      // same as TemplateTable::invokevirtual,
      // minus the CP setup and profiling:

      if (VerifyMethodHandles) {
        verify_ref_kind(_masm, JVM_REF_invokeVirtual, member_reg, temp3);
      }

      // pick out the vtable index from the MemberName, and then we can discard it:
      Register temp2_index = temp2;
      __ access_load_at(T_ADDRESS, IN_HEAP, temp2_index, member_vmindex, noreg, noreg);

      if (VerifyMethodHandles) {
        Label L_index_ok;
        __ cmpw(temp2_index, 0U);
        __ br(Assembler::GE, L_index_ok);
        __ hlt(0);
        __ BIND(L_index_ok);
      }

      // Note:  The verifier invariants allow us to ignore MemberName.clazz and vmtarget
      // at this point.  And VerifyMethodHandles has already checked clazz, if needed.

      // get target Method* & entry point
      __ lookup_virtual_method(temp1_recv_klass, temp2_index, rmethod);
      break;
    }

    case vmIntrinsics::_linkToInterface:
    {
      // same as TemplateTable::invokeinterface
      // (minus the CP setup and profiling, with different argument motion)
      if (VerifyMethodHandles) {
        verify_ref_kind(_masm, JVM_REF_invokeInterface, member_reg, temp3);
      }

      Register temp3_intf = temp3;
      __ load_heap_oop(temp3_intf, member_clazz, temp2, rscratch2);
      load_klass_from_Class(_masm, temp3_intf);
      __ verify_klass_ptr(temp3_intf);

      Register rindex = rmethod;
      __ access_load_at(T_ADDRESS, IN_HEAP, rindex, member_vmindex, noreg, noreg);
      if (VerifyMethodHandles) {
        Label L;
        __ cmpw(rindex, 0U);
        __ br(Assembler::GE, L);
        __ hlt(0);
        __ bind(L);
      }

      // given intf, index, and recv klass, dispatch to the implementation method
      __ lookup_interface_method(temp1_recv_klass, temp3_intf,
                                 // note: next two args must be the same:
                                 rindex, rmethod,
                                 temp2,
                                 L_incompatible_class_change_error);
      break;
    }

    default:
      fatal("unexpected intrinsic %d: %s", vmIntrinsics::as_int(iid), vmIntrinsics::name_at(iid));
      break;
    }

    // live at this point:  rmethod, r19_sender_sp (if interpreted)

    // After figuring out which concrete method to call, jump into it.
    // Note that this works in the interpreter with no data motion.
    // But the compiled version will require that r2_recv be shifted out.
    __ verify_method_ptr(rmethod);
    jump_from_method_handle(_masm, rmethod, temp1, for_compiler_entry);
    if (iid == vmIntrinsics::_linkToInterface) {
      __ bind(L_incompatible_class_change_error);
      __ far_jump(RuntimeAddress(SharedRuntime::throw_IncompatibleClassChangeError_entry()));
    }
  }
}

#ifndef PRODUCT
void trace_method_handle_stub(const char* adaptername,
                              oopDesc* mh,
                              intptr_t* saved_regs,
                              intptr_t* entry_sp) {  }

// The stub wraps the arguments in a struct on the stack to avoid
// dealing with the different calling conventions for passing 6
// arguments.
struct MethodHandleStubArguments {
  const char* adaptername;
  oopDesc* mh;
  intptr_t* saved_regs;
  intptr_t* entry_sp;
};
void trace_method_handle_stub_wrapper(MethodHandleStubArguments* args) {  }

void MethodHandles::trace_method_handle(MacroAssembler* _masm, const char* adaptername) {  }
#endif //PRODUCT